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Through comparative mythology we can reconstruct the earliest Indo-European beliefs about the cosmos and the afterlife as far as 6000 years back. but Indo-European religion has many features in common with Siberian and Native American religions. These three groups all share common ancestry from an ice-age population called Ancient North Eurasians, so we can even reconstruct cosmological beliefs of a Siberian people 20,000 years ago! This film helps you to understand the most ancient and fundamental pagan beliefs concerning death, the underworld and reincarnation.
ART
- Hell hounds / Wolf art / Gaulish warrior / Yamnaya couple / Hel and her army by Christian Sloan Hall
- Sacrifice to the head in Hell / Yamnaya funeral by Graman
- Wading through Hell by Jack Jones
- The World Tree in Hell by Pete Amachree (summer pudding)
- Animations by Castor and Bollux animation
- Elf blot by Thomas Cormack
- Sky father by Andrew Whyte
- Celtic chariot by Alex Cristi
- Yamnaya facial reconstructions by Robert Molyneaux
- Primordial sacrifice by Johan Jernhed
- Hell tree / boat of souls / Hell hall by Waking of sky tree
- Haoma drinker (viraf's dream) by A Forest of Shadows Art & Illustration
- Hel by Leo Albiero (contact him at Leohjart@outlook.com)
- Bronze age map by Dan Kogosov
Additional Thanks
Readings contributed by voice actor D. W. Draffin of 'Study of Antiquity and the Middle Ages' on YouTube
Research information relating to *Kolyéh₂ from John of Crecganford on YouTube
Music
Ormgård - Sjálfsforn
Sources
- Ara, M. ‘Eschatology in the Indo-Iranian Traditions: The Genesis and Transformation’...
- Anthony, David W.; Brown, Dorcas R. (2019). "Late Bronze Age midwinter dog sacrifices and warrior initiations at Krasnosamarskoe, Russia". In Olsen, Birgit A.; Olander, Thomas; Kristiansen, Kristian (eds.). Tracing the Indo-Europeans: New evidence from archaeology and historical linguistics. Oxbow Books. ISBN 978-1-78925-273-6.
- Berresford-Ellis, P. ‘The Ancient World of the Celts’ Constable 1998
- Dineley, M. 2014 ‘Beakers were for Beer! part one: ale, mead & residues’
- Dodge, Erick. (2020). Orpheus, Odin, and the Indo-European Underworld: A Response to Bruce Lincoln's Article “Waters of Memory, Waters of Forgetfulness"”. 10.13140/RG.2.2.15131.90402.
- Grim, J. ‘The Shaman: Patterns of Siberian and Ojibway Healing’ 1983
- Günntert, H. Kalypso. Bedeutungsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen auf dem Gebiet der indogermanischen Sprachen, 1919
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- Lincoln, Bruce. Death, War, and Sacrifice: Studies in Ideology & Practice. 2nd ed. edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.
- Meyer, K ‘Der irische Totengott und die Toteninsel’
- Nihil obstat blog ‘The Silencing of St. Oran’ 2009
- Okladnikov, A.P. ‘Yakutia Before Its Incorporation Into the Russian State.’ 1970
- Pitulko, V., Pavlova, E., Nikolskiy, P., & Ivanova, V. (2012). The oldest art of the Eurasian Arctic: Personal ornaments and symbolic objects from Yana RHS, Arctic Siberia. Antiquity, 86(333), 642-659. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00047827
- Saga Book XVI, Viking Society for Northern Research, UCL 1962-65
- Schlerath, B. 1954. Der Hund bei den Indogermanen. Paideuma, Bd. 6, H. 1. pp. 25-40. Frobenius Institute Stable
- Scholz, Herbert. The Hound in Greek-Roman magic and religion. Berlin. 1937 (p. 51)